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'use strict';
const EventEmitter = require('events');
const https = require('https');
const http = require('http');
const net = require('net');
const tls = require('tls');
const { randomBytes, createHash } = require('crypto');
const { URL } = require('url');
const PerMessageDeflate = require('./permessage-deflate');
const Receiver = require('./receiver');
const Sender = require('./sender');
const {
BINARY_TYPES,
EMPTY_BUFFER,
GUID,
kStatusCode,
kWebSocket,
NOOP
} = require('./constants');
const { addEventListener, removeEventListener } = require('./event-target');
const { format, parse } = require('./extension');
const { toBuffer } = require('./buffer-util');
const readyStates = ['CONNECTING', 'OPEN', 'CLOSING', 'CLOSED'];
const protocolVersions = [8, 13];
const closeTimeout = 30 * 1000;
/**
* Class representing a WebSocket.
*
* @extends EventEmitter
*/
class WebSocket extends EventEmitter {
/**
* Create a new `WebSocket`.
*
* @param {(String|url.URL)} address The URL to which to connect
* @param {(String|String[])} [protocols] The subprotocols
* @param {Object} [options] Connection options
*/
constructor(address, protocols, options) {
super();
this._binaryType = BINARY_TYPES[0];
this._closeCode = 1006;
this._closeFrameReceived = false;
this._closeFrameSent = false;
this._closeMessage = '';
this._closeTimer = null;
this._extensions = {};
this._protocol = '';
this._readyState = WebSocket.CONNECTING;
this._receiver = null;
this._sender = null;
this._socket = null;
if (address !== null) {
this._bufferedAmount = 0;
this._isServer = false;
this._redirects = 0;
if (Array.isArray(protocols)) {
protocols = protocols.join(', ');
} else if (typeof protocols === 'object' && protocols !== null) {
options = protocols;
protocols = undefined;
}
initAsClient(this, address, protocols, options);
} else {
this._isServer = true;
}
}
/**
* This deviates from the WHATWG interface since ws doesn't support the
* required default "blob" type (instead we define a custom "nodebuffer"
* type).
*
* @type {String}
*/
get binaryType() {
return this._binaryType;
}
set binaryType(type) {
if (!BINARY_TYPES.includes(type)) return;
this._binaryType = type;
//
// Allow to change `binaryType` on the fly.
//
if (this._receiver) this._receiver._binaryType = type;
}
/**
* @type {Number}
*/
get bufferedAmount() {
if (!this._socket) return this._bufferedAmount;
return this._socket._writableState.length + this._sender._bufferedBytes;
}
/**
* @type {String}
*/
get extensions() {
return Object.keys(this._extensions).join();
}
/**
* @type {String}
*/
get protocol() {
return this._protocol;
}
/**
* @type {Number}
*/
get readyState() {
return this._readyState;
}
/**
* @type {String}
*/
get url() {
return this._url;
}
/**
* Set up the socket and the internal resources.
*
* @param {net.Socket} socket The network socket between the server and client
* @param {Buffer} head The first packet of the upgraded stream
* @param {Number} [maxPayload=0] The maximum allowed message size
* @private
*/
setSocket(socket, head, maxPayload) {
const receiver = new Receiver(
this.binaryType,
this._extensions,
this._isServer,
maxPayload
);
this._sender = new Sender(socket, this._extensions);
this._receiver = receiver;
this._socket = socket;
receiver[kWebSocket] = this;
socket[kWebSocket] = this;
receiver.on('conclude', receiverOnConclude);
receiver.on('drain', receiverOnDrain);
receiver.on('error', receiverOnError);
receiver.on('message', receiverOnMessage);
receiver.on('ping', receiverOnPing);
receiver.on('pong', receiverOnPong);
socket.setTimeout(0);
socket.setNoDelay();
if (head.length > 0) socket.unshift(head);
socket.on('close', socketOnClose);
socket.on('data', socketOnData);
socket.on('end', socketOnEnd);
socket.on('error', socketOnError);
this._readyState = WebSocket.OPEN;
this.emit('open');
}
/**
* Emit the `'close'` event.
*
* @private
*/
emitClose() {
if (!this._socket) {
this._readyState = WebSocket.CLOSED;
this.emit('close', this._closeCode, this._closeMessage);
return;
}
if (this._extensions[PerMessageDeflate.extensionName]) {
this._extensions[PerMessageDeflate.extensionName].cleanup();
}
this._receiver.removeAllListeners();
this._readyState = WebSocket.CLOSED;
this.emit('close', this._closeCode, this._closeMessage);
}
/**
* Start a closing handshake.
*
* +----------+ +-----------+ +----------+
* - - -|ws.close()|-->|close frame|-->|ws.close()|- - -
* | +----------+ +-----------+ +----------+ |
* +----------+ +-----------+ |
* CLOSING |ws.close()|<--|close frame|<--+-----+ CLOSING
* +----------+ +-----------+ |
* | | | +---+ |
* +------------------------+-->|fin| - - - -
* | +---+ | +---+
* - - - - -|fin|<---------------------+
* +---+
*
* @param {Number} [code] Status code explaining why the connection is closing
* @param {String} [data] A string explaining why the connection is closing
* @public
*/
close(code, data) {
if (this.readyState === WebSocket.CLOSED) return;
if (this.readyState === WebSocket.CONNECTING) {
const msg = 'WebSocket was closed before the connection was established';
return abortHandshake(this, this._req, msg);
}
if (this.readyState === WebSocket.CLOSING) {
if (this._closeFrameSent && this._closeFrameReceived) this._socket.end();
return;
}
this._readyState = WebSocket.CLOSING;
this._sender.close(code, data, !this._isServer, (err) => {
//
// This error is handled by the `'error'` listener on the socket. We only
// want to know if the close frame has been sent here.
//
if (err) return;
this._closeFrameSent = true;
if (this._closeFrameReceived) this._socket.end();
});
//
// Specify a timeout for the closing handshake to complete.
//
this._closeTimer = setTimeout(
this._socket.destroy.bind(this._socket),
closeTimeout
);
}
/**
* Send a ping.
*
* @param {*} [data] The data to send
* @param {Boolean} [mask] Indicates whether or not to mask `data`
* @param {Function} [cb] Callback which is executed when the ping is sent
* @public
*/
ping(data, mask, cb) {
if (this.readyState === WebSocket.CONNECTING) {
throw new Error('WebSocket is not open: readyState 0 (CONNECTING)');
}
if (typeof data === 'function') {
cb = data;
data = mask = undefined;
} else if (typeof mask === 'function') {
cb = mask;
mask = undefined;
}
if (typeof data === 'number') data = data.toString();
if (this.readyState !== WebSocket.OPEN) {
sendAfterClose(this, data, cb);
return;
}
if (mask === undefined) mask = !this._isServer;
this._sender.ping(data || EMPTY_BUFFER, mask, cb);
}
/**
* Send a pong.
*
* @param {*} [data] The data to send
* @param {Boolean} [mask] Indicates whether or not to mask `data`
* @param {Function} [cb] Callback which is executed when the pong is sent
* @public
*/
pong(data, mask, cb) {
if (this.readyState === WebSocket.CONNECTING) {
throw new Error('WebSocket is not open: readyState 0 (CONNECTING)');
}
if (typeof data === 'function') {
cb = data;
data = mask = undefined;
} else if (typeof mask === 'function') {
cb = mask;
mask = undefined;
}
if (typeof data === 'number') data = data.toString();
if (this.readyState !== WebSocket.OPEN) {
sendAfterClose(this, data, cb);
return;
}
if (mask === undefined) mask = !this._isServer;
this._sender.pong(data || EMPTY_BUFFER, mask, cb);
}
/**
* Send a data message.
*
* @param {*} data The message to send
* @param {Object} [options] Options object
* @param {Boolean} [options.compress] Specifies whether or not to compress
* `data`
* @param {Boolean} [options.binary] Specifies whether `data` is binary or
* text
* @param {Boolean} [options.fin=true] Specifies whether the fragment is the
* last one
* @param {Boolean} [options.mask] Specifies whether or not to mask `data`
* @param {Function} [cb] Callback which is executed when data is written out
* @public
*/
send(data, options, cb) {
if (this.readyState === WebSocket.CONNECTING) {
throw new Error('WebSocket is not open: readyState 0 (CONNECTING)');
}
if (typeof options === 'function') {
cb = options;
options = {};
}
if (typeof data === 'number') data = data.toString();
if (this.readyState !== WebSocket.OPEN) {
sendAfterClose(this, data, cb);
return;
}
const opts = {
binary: typeof data !== 'string',
mask: !this._isServer,
compress: true,
fin: true,
...options
};
if (!this._extensions[PerMessageDeflate.extensionName]) {
opts.compress = false;
}
this._sender.send(data || EMPTY_BUFFER, opts, cb);
}
/**
* Forcibly close the connection.
*
* @public
*/
terminate() {
if (this.readyState === WebSocket.CLOSED) return;
if (this.readyState === WebSocket.CONNECTING) {
const msg = 'WebSocket was closed before the connection was established';
return abortHandshake(this, this._req, msg);
}
if (this._socket) {
this._readyState = WebSocket.CLOSING;
this._socket.destroy();
}
}
}
readyStates.forEach((readyState, i) => {
const descriptor = { enumerable: true, value: i };
Object.defineProperty(WebSocket.prototype, readyState, descriptor);
Object.defineProperty(WebSocket, readyState, descriptor);
});
[
'binaryType',
'bufferedAmount',
'extensions',
'protocol',
'readyState',
'url'
].forEach((property) => {
Object.defineProperty(WebSocket.prototype, property, { enumerable: true });
});
//
// Add the `onopen`, `onerror`, `onclose`, and `onmessage` attributes.
// See https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/comms.html#the-websocket-interface
//
['open', 'error', 'close', 'message'].forEach((method) => {
Object.defineProperty(WebSocket.prototype, `on${method}`, {
configurable: true,
enumerable: true,
/**
* Return the listener of the event.
*
* @return {(Function|undefined)} The event listener or `undefined`
* @public
*/
get() {
const listeners = this.listeners(method);
for (let i = 0; i < listeners.length; i++) {
if (listeners[i]._listener) return listeners[i]._listener;
}
return undefined;
},
/**
* Add a listener for the event.
*
* @param {Function} listener The listener to add
* @public
*/
set(listener) {
const listeners = this.listeners(method);
for (let i = 0; i < listeners.length; i++) {
//
// Remove only the listeners added via `addEventListener`.
//
if (listeners[i]._listener) this.removeListener(method, listeners[i]);
}
this.addEventListener(method, listener);
}
});
});
WebSocket.prototype.addEventListener = addEventListener;
WebSocket.prototype.removeEventListener = removeEventListener;
module.exports = WebSocket;
/**
* Initialize a WebSocket client.
*
* @param {WebSocket} websocket The client to initialize
* @param {(String|url.URL)} address The URL to which to connect
* @param {String} [protocols] The subprotocols
* @param {Object} [options] Connection options
* @param {(Boolean|Object)} [options.perMessageDeflate=true] Enable/disable
* permessage-deflate
* @param {Number} [options.handshakeTimeout] Timeout in milliseconds for the
* handshake request
* @param {Number} [options.protocolVersion=13] Value of the
* `Sec-WebSocket-Version` header
* @param {String} [options.origin] Value of the `Origin` or
* `Sec-WebSocket-Origin` header
* @param {Number} [options.maxPayload=104857600] The maximum allowed message
* size
* @param {Boolean} [options.followRedirects=false] Whether or not to follow
* redirects
* @param {Number} [options.maxRedirects=10] The maximum number of redirects
* allowed
* @private
*/
function initAsClient(websocket, address, protocols, options) {
const opts = {
protocolVersion: protocolVersions[1],
maxPayload: 100 * 1024 * 1024,
perMessageDeflate: true,
followRedirects: false,
maxRedirects: 10,
...options,
createConnection: undefined,
socketPath: undefined,
hostname: undefined,
protocol: undefined,
timeout: undefined,
method: undefined,
host: undefined,
path: undefined,
port: undefined
};
if (!protocolVersions.includes(opts.protocolVersion)) {
throw new RangeError(
`Unsupported protocol version: ${opts.protocolVersion} ` +
`(supported versions: ${protocolVersions.join(', ')})`
);
}
let parsedUrl;
if (address instanceof URL) {
parsedUrl = address;
websocket._url = address.href;
} else {
parsedUrl = new URL(address);
websocket._url = address;
}
const isUnixSocket = parsedUrl.protocol === 'ws+unix:';
if (!parsedUrl.host && (!isUnixSocket || !parsedUrl.pathname)) {
throw new Error(`Invalid URL: ${websocket.url}`);
}
const isSecure =
parsedUrl.protocol === 'wss:' || parsedUrl.protocol === 'https:';
const defaultPort = isSecure ? 443 : 80;
const key = randomBytes(16).toString('base64');
const get = isSecure ? https.get : http.get;
let perMessageDeflate;
opts.createConnection = isSecure ? tlsConnect : netConnect;
opts.defaultPort = opts.defaultPort || defaultPort;
opts.port = parsedUrl.port || defaultPort;
opts.host = parsedUrl.hostname.startsWith('[')
? parsedUrl.hostname.slice(1, -1)
: parsedUrl.hostname;
opts.headers = {
'Sec-WebSocket-Version': opts.protocolVersion,
'Sec-WebSocket-Key': key,
Connection: 'Upgrade',
Upgrade: 'websocket',
...opts.headers
};
opts.path = parsedUrl.pathname + parsedUrl.search;
opts.timeout = opts.handshakeTimeout;
if (opts.perMessageDeflate) {
perMessageDeflate = new PerMessageDeflate(
opts.perMessageDeflate !== true ? opts.perMessageDeflate : {},
false,
opts.maxPayload
);
opts.headers['Sec-WebSocket-Extensions'] = format({
[PerMessageDeflate.extensionName]: perMessageDeflate.offer()
});
}
if (protocols) {
opts.headers['Sec-WebSocket-Protocol'] = protocols;
}
if (opts.origin) {
if (opts.protocolVersion < 13) {
opts.headers['Sec-WebSocket-Origin'] = opts.origin;
} else {
opts.headers.Origin = opts.origin;
}
}
if (parsedUrl.username || parsedUrl.password) {
opts.auth = `${parsedUrl.username}:${parsedUrl.password}`;
}
if (isUnixSocket) {
const parts = opts.path.split(':');
opts.socketPath = parts[0];
opts.path = parts[1];
}
let req = (websocket._req = get(opts));
if (opts.timeout) {
req.on('timeout', () => {
abortHandshake(websocket, req, 'Opening handshake has timed out');
});
}
req.on('error', (err) => {
if (req === null || req.aborted) return;
req = websocket._req = null;
websocket._readyState = WebSocket.CLOSING;
websocket.emit('error', err);
websocket.emitClose();
});
req.on('response', (res) => {
const location = res.headers.location;
const statusCode = res.statusCode;
if (
location &&
opts.followRedirects &&
statusCode >= 300 &&
statusCode < 400
) {
if (++websocket._redirects > opts.maxRedirects) {
abortHandshake(websocket, req, 'Maximum redirects exceeded');
return;
}
req.abort();
const addr = new URL(location, address);
initAsClient(websocket, addr, protocols, options);
} else if (!websocket.emit('unexpected-response', req, res)) {
abortHandshake(
websocket,
req,
`Unexpected server response: ${res.statusCode}`
);
}
});
req.on('upgrade', (res, socket, head) => {
websocket.emit('upgrade', res);
//
// The user may have closed the connection from a listener of the `upgrade`
// event.
//
if (websocket.readyState !== WebSocket.CONNECTING) return;
req = websocket._req = null;
const digest = createHash('sha1')
.update(key + GUID)
.digest('base64');
if (res.headers['sec-websocket-accept'] !== digest) {
abortHandshake(websocket, socket, 'Invalid Sec-WebSocket-Accept header');
return;
}
const serverProt = res.headers['sec-websocket-protocol'];
const protList = (protocols || '').split(/, */);
let protError;
if (!protocols && serverProt) {
protError = 'Server sent a subprotocol but none was requested';
} else if (protocols && !serverProt) {
protError = 'Server sent no subprotocol';
} else if (serverProt && !protList.includes(serverProt)) {
protError = 'Server sent an invalid subprotocol';
}
if (protError) {
abortHandshake(websocket, socket, protError);
return;
}
if (serverProt) websocket._protocol = serverProt;
if (perMessageDeflate) {
try {
const extensions = parse(res.headers['sec-websocket-extensions']);
if (extensions[PerMessageDeflate.extensionName]) {
perMessageDeflate.accept(extensions[PerMessageDeflate.extensionName]);
websocket._extensions[PerMessageDeflate.extensionName] =
perMessageDeflate;
}
} catch (err) {
abortHandshake(
websocket,
socket,
'Invalid Sec-WebSocket-Extensions header'
);
return;
}
}
websocket.setSocket(socket, head, opts.maxPayload);
});
}
/**
* Create a `net.Socket` and initiate a connection.
*
* @param {Object} options Connection options
* @return {net.Socket} The newly created socket used to start the connection
* @private
*/
function netConnect(options) {
options.path = options.socketPath;
return net.connect(options);
}
/**
* Create a `tls.TLSSocket` and initiate a connection.
*
* @param {Object} options Connection options
* @return {tls.TLSSocket} The newly created socket used to start the connection
* @private
*/
function tlsConnect(options) {
options.path = undefined;
if (!options.servername && options.servername !== '') {
options.servername = net.isIP(options.host) ? '' : options.host;
}
return tls.connect(options);
}
/**
* Abort the handshake and emit an error.
*
* @param {WebSocket} websocket The WebSocket instance
* @param {(http.ClientRequest|net.Socket)} stream The request to abort or the
* socket to destroy
* @param {String} message The error message
* @private
*/
function abortHandshake(websocket, stream, message) {
websocket._readyState = WebSocket.CLOSING;
const err = new Error(message);
Error.captureStackTrace(err, abortHandshake);
if (stream.setHeader) {
stream.abort();
if (stream.socket && !stream.socket.destroyed) {
//
// On Node.js >= 14.3.0 `request.abort()` does not destroy the socket if
// called after the request completed. See
// https://github.com/websockets/ws/issues/1869.
//
stream.socket.destroy();
}
stream.once('abort', websocket.emitClose.bind(websocket));
websocket.emit('error', err);
} else {
stream.destroy(err);
stream.once('error', websocket.emit.bind(websocket, 'error'));
stream.once('close', websocket.emitClose.bind(websocket));
}
}
/**
* Handle cases where the `ping()`, `pong()`, or `send()` methods are called
* when the `readyState` attribute is `CLOSING` or `CLOSED`.
*
* @param {WebSocket} websocket The WebSocket instance
* @param {*} [data] The data to send
* @param {Function} [cb] Callback
* @private
*/
function sendAfterClose(websocket, data, cb) {
if (data) {
const length = toBuffer(data).length;
//
// The `_bufferedAmount` property is used only when the peer is a client and
// the opening handshake fails. Under these circumstances, in fact, the
// `setSocket()` method is not called, so the `_socket` and `_sender`
// properties are set to `null`.
//
if (websocket._socket) websocket._sender._bufferedBytes += length;
else websocket._bufferedAmount += length;
}
if (cb) {
const err = new Error(
`WebSocket is not open: readyState ${websocket.readyState} ` +
`(${readyStates[websocket.readyState]})`
);
cb(err);
}
}
/**
* The listener of the `Receiver` `'conclude'` event.
*
* @param {Number} code The status code
* @param {String} reason The reason for closing
* @private
*/
function receiverOnConclude(code, reason) {
const websocket = this[kWebSocket];
websocket._socket.removeListener('data', socketOnData);
websocket._socket.resume();
websocket._closeFrameReceived = true;
websocket._closeMessage = reason;
websocket._closeCode = code;
if (code === 1005) websocket.close();
else websocket.close(code, reason);
}
/**
* The listener of the `Receiver` `'drain'` event.
*
* @private
*/
function receiverOnDrain() {
this[kWebSocket]._socket.resume();
}
/**
* The listener of the `Receiver` `'error'` event.
*
* @param {(RangeError|Error)} err The emitted error
* @private
*/
function receiverOnError(err) {
const websocket = this[kWebSocket];
websocket._socket.removeListener('data', socketOnData);
websocket._socket.resume();
websocket.close(err[kStatusCode]);
websocket.emit('error', err);
}
/**
* The listener of the `Receiver` `'finish'` event.
*
* @private
*/
function receiverOnFinish() {
this[kWebSocket].emitClose();
}
/**
* The listener of the `Receiver` `'message'` event.
*
* @param {(String|Buffer|ArrayBuffer|Buffer[])} data The message
* @private
*/
function receiverOnMessage(data) {
this[kWebSocket].emit('message', data);
}
/**
* The listener of the `Receiver` `'ping'` event.
*
* @param {Buffer} data The data included in the ping frame
* @private
*/
function receiverOnPing(data) {
const websocket = this[kWebSocket];
websocket.pong(data, !websocket._isServer, NOOP);
websocket.emit('ping', data);
}
/**
* The listener of the `Receiver` `'pong'` event.
*
* @param {Buffer} data The data included in the pong frame
* @private
*/
function receiverOnPong(data) {
this[kWebSocket].emit('pong', data);
}
/**
* The listener of the `net.Socket` `'close'` event.
*
* @private
*/
function socketOnClose() {
const websocket = this[kWebSocket];
this.removeListener('close', socketOnClose);
this.removeListener('end', socketOnEnd);
websocket._readyState = WebSocket.CLOSING;
//
// The close frame might not have been received or the `'end'` event emitted,
// for example, if the socket was destroyed due to an error. Ensure that the
// `receiver` stream is closed after writing any remaining buffered data to
// it. If the readable side of the socket is in flowing mode then there is no
// buffered data as everything has been already written and `readable.read()`
// will return `null`. If instead, the socket is paused, any possible buffered
// data will be read as a single chunk and emitted synchronously in a single
// `'data'` event.
//
websocket._socket.read();
websocket._receiver.end();
this.removeListener('data', socketOnData);
this[kWebSocket] = undefined;
clearTimeout(websocket._closeTimer);
if (
websocket._receiver._writableState.finished ||
websocket._receiver._writableState.errorEmitted
) {
websocket.emitClose();
} else {
websocket._receiver.on('error', receiverOnFinish);
websocket._receiver.on('finish', receiverOnFinish);
}
}
/**
* The listener of the `net.Socket` `'data'` event.
*
* @param {Buffer} chunk A chunk of data
* @private
*/
function socketOnData(chunk) {
if (!this[kWebSocket]._receiver.write(chunk)) {
this.pause();
}
}
/**
* The listener of the `net.Socket` `'end'` event.
*
* @private
*/
function socketOnEnd() {
const websocket = this[kWebSocket];
websocket._readyState = WebSocket.CLOSING;
websocket._receiver.end();
this.end();
}
/**
* The listener of the `net.Socket` `'error'` event.
*
* @private
*/
function socketOnError() {
const websocket = this[kWebSocket];
this.removeListener('error', socketOnError);
this.on('error', NOOP);
if (websocket) {
websocket._readyState = WebSocket.CLOSING;
this.destroy();
}
}